与 /sbin 不同，bin 目录包含一些对系统管理员和非特权用户都有用的命令。它通常包含像 bash, csh 等 shell，以及常用的命令，如 cp, mv, rm, cat, ls。因此，与 /usr/bin 相比，此目录中的二进制文件被认为是必不可少的。 这样做的原因是它包含重要的系统程序，即使只挂载包含 / 的分区也必须可用。 如果您需要修复其他分区但无法访问共享目录（即，您处于单用户模式，因此无法访问网络），可能会出现这种情况。 它还包含启动脚本可能依赖的程序。
符合 FSSTND 意味着 /bin 中没有子目录，并且以下命令或指向命令的符号链接位于此处。
cat Utility to concatenate files to standard output chgrp Utility to change file group ownership chmod Utility to change file access permissions chown Utility to change file owner and group cp Utility to copy files and directories date Utility to print or set the system data and time dd Utility to convert and copy a file df Utility to report filesystem disk space usage dmesg Utility to print or control the kernel message buffer echo Utility to display a line of text false Utility to do nothing, unsuccessfully hostname Utility to show or set the system's host name kill Utility to send signals to processes ln Utility to make links between files login Utility to begin a session on the system ls Utility to list directory contents mkdir Utility to make directories mknod Utility to make block or character special files more Utility to page through text mount Utility to mount a filesystem mv Utility to move/rename files ps Utility to report process status pwd Utility to print name of current working directory rm Utility to remove files or directories rmdir Utility to remove empty directories sed The `sed' stream editor sh The Bourne command shell stty Utility to change and print terminal line settings su Utility to change user ID sync Utility to flush filesystem buffers true Utility to do nothing, successfully umount Utility to unmount file systems uname Utility to print system information If /bin/sh is not a true Bourne shell, it must be a hard or symbolic link to the real shell command. The rationale behind this is because sh and bash mightn't necessarily behave in the same manner. The use of a symbolic link also allows users to easily see that /bin/sh is not a true Bourne shell. The [ and test commands must be placed together in either /bin or /usr/bin. The requirement for the [ and test commands to be included as binaries (even if implemented internally by the shell) is shared with the POSIX.2 standard. The following programs, or symbolic links to programs, must be in /bin if the corresponding subsystem is installed: csh The C shell (optional) ed The `ed' editor (optional) tar The tar archiving utility (optional) cpio The cpio archiving utility (optional) gzip The GNU compression utility (optional) gunzip The GNU uncompression utility (optional) zcat The GNU uncompression utility (optional) netstat The network statistics utility (optional) ping The ICMP network test utility (optional) If the gunzip and zcat programs exist, they must be symbolic or hard links to gzip. /bin/csh may be a symbolic link to /bin/tcsh or /usr/bin/tcsh. The tar, gzip and cpio commands have been added to make restoration of a system possible (provided that / is intact). Conversely, if no restoration from the root partition is ever expected, then these binaries might be omitted (e.g., a ROM chip root, mounting /usr through NFS). If restoration of a system is planned through the network, then ftp or tftp (along with everything necessary to get an ftp connection) must be available on the root partition. |