要在 Windows 机器上共享打印机，您必须执行以下操作
下面的 /etc/printcap 条目适用于 Windows NT 主机上的 HP 5MP 打印机。 条目如下
cm - comment
lp - device name to open for output
sd - the printer's spool directory (on the local machine)
af - the accounting file
mx - the maximum file size (zero is unlimited)
if - name of the input filter (script)
有关更多信息，请参阅 Printing HOWTO 或 printcap 的 man 手册。
# /etc/printcap
#
# //zimmerman/oreilly via smbprint
#
lp:\
:cm=HP 5MP Postscript OReilly on zimmerman:\
:lp=/dev/lp1:\
:sd=/var/spool/lpd/lp:\
:af=/var/spool/lpd/lp/acct:\
:mx#0:\
:if=/usr/bin/smbprint:
确保假脱机目录和记帐目录存在且可写。 确保 'if' 行包含 smbprint 脚本（如下所示）的正确路径，并确保指向正确的设备（/dev 特殊文件）。
接下来是 smbprint 脚本本身。 它通常位于 /usr/bin 中，并且据我所知，归功于 Samba 的创建者 Andrew Tridgell。 它随 Samba 源代码发行版一起提供，但在某些二进制发行版中不存在，因此我在此处重新创建了它。
您可能希望仔细查看此内容。 有一些小的改动已被证明是有用的。
#!/bin/sh -x
# This script is an input filter for printcap printing on a unix machine. It
# uses the smbclient program to print the file to the specified smb-based
# server and service.
# For example you could have a printcap entry like this
#
# smb:lp=/dev/null:sd=/usr/spool/smb:sh:if=/usr/local/samba/smbprint
#
# which would create a unix printer called "smb" that will print via this
# script. You will need to create the spool directory /usr/spool/smb with
# appropriate permissions and ownerships for your system.
# Set these to the server and service you wish to print to
# In this example I have a WfWg PC called "lapland" that has a printer
# exported called "printer" with no password.
#
# Script further altered by hamiltom@ecnz.co.nz (Michael Hamilton)
# so that the server, service, and password can be read from
# a /usr/var/spool/lpd/PRINTNAME/.config file.
#
# In order for this to work the /etc/printcap entry must include an
# accounting file (af=...):
#
# cdcolour:\
# :cm=CD IBM Colorjet on 6th:\
# :sd=/var/spool/lpd/cdcolour:\
# :af=/var/spool/lpd/cdcolour/acct:\
# :if=/usr/local/etc/smbprint:\
# :mx=0:\
# :lp=/dev/null:
#
# The /usr/var/spool/lpd/PRINTNAME/.config file should contain:
# server=PC_SERVER
# service=PR_SHARENAME
# password="password"
#
# E.g.
# server=PAULS_PC
# service=CJET_371
# password=""
#
# Debugging log file, change to /dev/null if you like.
#
logfile=/tmp/smb-print.log
# logfile=/dev/null
#
# The last parameter to the filter is the accounting file name.
#
spool_dir=/var/spool/lpd/lp
config_file=$spool_dir/.config
# Should read the following variables set in the config file:
# server
# service
# password
# user
eval `cat $config_file`
#
# Some debugging help, change the >> to > if you want to same space.
#
echo "server $server, service $service" >> $logfile
(
# NOTE You may wish to add the line `echo translate' if you want automatic
# CR/LF translation when printing.
echo translate
echo "print -"
cat
) | /usr/bin/smbclient "\\\\$server\\$service" $password -U $user -N -P >> $logfile
大多数 Linux 发行版都带有 nenscript，用于将 ASCII 文档转换为 Postscript。 以下 perl 脚本通过为通过 smbprint 进行 Linux 打印提供一个简单的接口，使生活更加轻松。
Usage: print [-a|c|p] <filename>
-a prints <filename> as ASCII
-c prints <filename> formatted as source code
-p prints <filename> as Postscript
If no switch is given, print attempts to
guess the file type and print appropriately.
使用 smbprint 打印 ASCII 文件往往会截断长行。 如果可能，此脚本会在空白处（而不是在单词中间）断开长行。
源代码格式化是使用 nenscript 完成的。 它接受一个 ASCII 文件，并将其格式化为 2 列，带有花哨的标题（日期、文件名等）。 它还对行进行编号。 以此为例，可以完成其他类型的格式化。
Postscript 文档已经正确格式化，因此它们可以直接通过。
#!/usr/bin/perl
# Script: print
# Authors: Brad Marshall, David Wood
# Plugged In Communications
# Date: 960808
#
# Script to print to a Postscript printer via Samba.
# Purpose: Takes files of various types as arguments and
# processes them appropriately for piping to a Samba print script.
#
# Currently supported file types:
#
# ASCII - ensures that lines longer than $line_length characters wrap on
# whitespace.
# Postscript - Takes no action.
# Code - Formats in Postscript (using nenscript) to display
# properly (landscape, font, etc).
#
# Set the maximum allowable length for each line of ASCII text.
$line_length = 76;
# Set the path and name of the Samba print script
$print_prog = "/usr/bin/smbprint";
# Set the path and name to nenscript (the ASCII-->Postscript converter)
$nenscript = "/usr/bin/nenscript";
unless ( -f $print_prog ) {
die "Can't find $print_prog!";
}
unless ( -f $nenscript ) {
die "Can't find $nenscript!";
}
&ParseCmdLine(@ARGV);
# DBG
print "filetype is $filetype\n";
if ($filetype eq "ASCII") {
&wrap($line_length);
} elsif ($filetype eq "code") {
&codeformat;
} elsif ($filetype eq "ps") {
&createarray;
} else {
print "Sorry..no known file type.\n";
exit 0;
}
# Pipe the array to smbprint
open(PRINTER, "|$print_prog") || die "Can't open $print_prog: $!\n";
foreach $line (@newlines) {
print PRINTER $line;
}
# Send an extra linefeed in case a file has an incomplete last line.
print PRINTER "\n";
close(PRINTER);
print "Completed\n";
exit 0;
# --------------------------------------------------- #
# Everything below here is a subroutine #
# --------------------------------------------------- #
sub ParseCmdLine {
# Parses the command line, finding out what file type the file is
# Gets $arg and $file to be the arguments (if the exists)
# and the filename
if ($#_ < 0) {
&usage;
}
# DBG
# foreach $element (@_) {
# print "*$element* \n";
# }
$arg = shift(@_);
if ($arg =~ /\-./) {
$cmd = $arg;
# DBG
# print "\$cmd found.\n";
$file = shift(@_);
} else {
$file = $arg;
}
# Defining the file type
unless ($cmd) {
# We have no arguments
if ($file =~ /\.ps$/) {
$filetype = "ps";
} elsif ($file =~ /\.java$|\.c$|\.h$|\.pl$|\.sh$|\.csh$|\.m4$|\.inc$|\.html$|\.htm$/) {
$filetype = "code";
} else {
$filetype = "ASCII";
}
# Process $file for what type is it and return $filetype
} else {
# We have what type it is in $arg
if ($cmd =~ /^-p$/) {
$filetype = "ps";
} elsif ($cmd =~ /^-c$/) {
$filetype = "code";
} elsif ($cmd =~ /^-a$/) {
$filetype = "ASCII"
}
}
}
sub usage {
print "
Usage: print [-a|c|p] <filename>
-a prints <filename> as ASCII
-c prints <filename> formatted as source code
-p prints <filename> as Postscript
If no switch is given, print attempts to
guess the file type and print appropriately.\n
";
exit(0);
}
sub wrap {
# Create an array of file lines, where each line is < the
# number of characters specified, and wrapped only on whitespace
# Get the number of characters to limit the line to.
$limit = pop(@_);
# DBG
#print "Entering subroutine wrap\n";
#print "The line length limit is $limit\n";
# Read in the file, parse and put into an array.
open(FILE, "<$file") || die "Can't open $file: $!\n";
while(<FILE>) {
$line = $_;
# DBG
#print "The line is:\n$line\n";
# Wrap the line if it is over the limit.
while ( length($line) > $limit ) {
# DBG
#print "Wrapping...";
# Get the first $limit +1 characters.
$part = substr($line,0,$limit +1);
# DBG
#print "The partial line is:\n$part\n";
# Check to see if the last character is a space.
$last_char = substr($part,-1, 1);
if ( " " eq $last_char ) {
# If it is, print the rest.
# DBG
#print "The last character was a space\n";
substr($line,0,$limit + 1) = "";
substr($part,-1,1) = "";
push(@newlines,"$part\n");
} else {
# If it is not, find the last space in the
# sub-line and print up to there.
# DBG
#print "The last character was not a space\n";
# Remove the character past $limit
substr($part,-1,1) = "";
# Reverse the line to make it easy to find
# the last space.
$revpart = reverse($part);
$index = index($revpart," ");
if ( $index > 0 ) {
substr($line,0,$limit-$index) = "";
push(@newlines,substr($part,0,$limit-$index)
. "\n");
} else {
# There was no space in the line, so
# print it up to $limit.
substr($line,0,$limit) = "";
push(@newlines,substr($part,0,$limit)
. "\n");
}
}
}
push(@newlines,$line);
}
close(FILE);
}
sub codeformat {
# Call subroutine wrap then filter through nenscript
&wrap($line_length);
# Pipe the results through nenscript to create a Postscript
# file that adheres to some decent format for printing
# source code (landscape, Courier font, line numbers).
# Print this to a temporary file first.
$tmpfile = "/tmp/nenscript$$";
open(FILE, "|$nenscript -2G -i$file -N -p$tmpfile -r") ||
die "Can't open nenscript: $!\n";
foreach $line (@newlines) {
print FILE $line;
}
close(FILE);
# Read the temporary file back into an array so it can be
# passed to the Samba print script.
@newlines = ("");
open(FILE, "<$tmpfile") || die "Can't open $file: $!\n";
while(<FILE>) {
push(@newlines,$_);
}
close(FILE);
system("rm $tmpfile");
}
sub createarray {
# Create the array for postscript
open(FILE, "<$file") || die "Can't open $file: $!\n";
while(<FILE>) {
push(@newlines,$_);
}
close(FILE);
}
现在是 MagicFilter 方法。 感谢 Alberto Menegazzi ( flash.egon@iol.it) 提供此信息。
Alberto 说
-------------------------------------------------------------- 1) 安装 MagicFilter，并在 /usr/bin/local 中安装您需要的打印机过滤器，但不要按照 MagicFilter 文档中的建议填充 /etc/printcap。
2) 像这样编写 /etc/printcap（这是为我的 LaserJet 4L 完成的）
lp|ljet4l:\ :cm=HP LaserJet 4L:\ :lp=/dev/null:\ # 或 /dev/lp1 :sd=/var/spool/lpd/ljet4l:\ :af=/var/spool/lpd/ljet4l/acct:\ :sh:mx#0:\ :if=/usr/local/bin/main-filter
您应该解释一下，lp=/dev/... 是为了锁定而打开的，因此应该为每个远程打印机使用“虚拟”设备。
创建示例： touch /dev/ljet4l
3) 编写过滤器 /usr/local/bin/main-filter，与您建议的使用 ljet4l-filter 而不是 cat 相同。
这是我的。
#! /bin/sh logfile=/var/log/smb-print.log spool_dir=/var/spool/lpd/ljet4l ( echo "print -" /usr/local/bin/ljet4l-filter ) | /usr/bin/smbclient "\\\\SHIR\\HPLJ4" -N -P >> $logfile
附注：以下是关于锁定以及为什么要创建虚拟打印机的 Print2Win mini-Howto 中的引述
---从这里开始
来自 Rick Bressler 的提示
很好的技巧表。 我使用非常相似的东西。 一个有用的提示，这不是一个特别好的主意
:lp=/dev/null:\
lpr 对您指定为 lp= 的文件执行“独占”打开。 这样做是为了防止多个进程同时尝试打印到同一台打印机。
这样做的副作用是，在您的情况下，eng 和 colour 无法同时打印（通常或多或少是透明的，因为它们可能打印很快，并且由于它们排队，您可能不会注意到），但是任何其他尝试写入 /dev/null 的进程都会崩溃！
在单用户系统上，可能不是大问题。 我有一个拥有 50 多台打印机的系统。 在那里这将是一个问题。
解决方案是为每个打印机创建一个虚拟打印机。 例如：touch /dev/eng。
我已经修改了上面 printcap 文件中的 lp 条目，以考虑 Rick 的建议。 我做了以下操作
#touch /dev/eng #touch /dev/colour
---到此结束
--------------------------------------------------------------