在本节中，所有内容都汇集在一起。我们将完整地演练一次串行控制台升级，实际上它与标准的文本模式升级没有太大区别。
配置 BIOS 以从软盘启动，或者插入软盘。现在重启机器。
bash# shutdown -r now
SYSLINUX 1.64 1.64-pre2 Copyright (C) 1994-2001 H. Peter Anvin
Welcome to Red Hat Linux 7.1!
- To install or upgrade Red Hat Linux in graphical mode,
press the <ENTER> key.
- To install or upgrade Red Hat Linux in text mode, type: text <ENTER>.
- To enable low resolution mode, type: lowres <ENTER>.
Press <F2> for more information about low resolution mode.
- To disable framebuffer mode, type: nofb <ENTER>.
Press <F2> for more information about disabling framebuffer mode.
- To enable expert mode, type: expert <ENTER>.
Press <F3> for more information about expert mode.
- To enable rescue mode, type: linux rescue <ENTER>.
Press <F5> for more information about rescue mode.
- If you have a driver disk, type: linux dd <ENTER>.
- Use the function keys listed below for more information.
[F1-Main] [F2-General] [F3-Expert] [F4-Kernel] [F5-Rescue]
boot:
Loading initrd.img..............
Loading vmlinuz............. ready.
Linux version 2.4.2-2BOOT (root@porky.devel.redhat.com) (gcc version 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-79)) #1 Sun Apr 8 18:24:33 EDT 2001 |
因为我们已经启动进入专家模式，所以菜单与标准升级略有不同。例如，您可能没有驱动程序磁盘。
Welcome to Red Hat Linux +----------+ Devices +-----------+ | | | Do you have a driver disk? | | | | +-----+ +----+ | | | Yes | |[No]| | | +-----+ +----+ | | | +--------------------------------+ |
然后升级会以通常的方式继续进行。
+--------+ Choose a Language +---------+ | | | What language should be used during | | the installation process? | | | | Czech : | | [ English : ] | | Danish : | | French : | | German : | | Hungarian : | | Icelandic : | | Italian : | | | | +----+ | | |[OK]| | | +----+ | | | +--------------------------------------+ |
选择 HTTP 以从我们之前准备的 Web 服务器升级。
+-----+ Installation Method +------+ | | | What type of media contains the | | packages to be installed? | | | | NFS image | | FTP | | [ HTTP ] | | | | +----+ +------+ | | |[OK]| | Back | | | +----+ +------+ | | | +----------------------------------+ |
在这里，我们提供在 示例 C-1 中记录的网络详细信息。如果您的网络支持动态主机配置协议或引导程序协议，那么这些协议也同样适用。
+--------------------+ Configure TCP/IP +--------------------+ | | | Please enter the IP configuration for this machine. Each | | item should be entered as an IP address in dotted-decimal | | notation (for example, 1.2.3.4). | | | | [ ] Use dynamic IP configuration (BOOTP/DHCP) | | | | IP address: 10.1.2.3________ | | Netmask: 255.255.255.0___ | | Default gateway (IP): 10.1.2.254______ | | Primary nameserver: 10.255.1.1______ | | | | +----+ +------+ | | |[OK]| | Back | | | +----+ +------+ | | | +------------------------------------------------------------+ |
提供预先准备的 Web 服务器的名称。请注意，对 Red Hat directory 的响应必须以/.
+-----------------+ HTTP Setup +-----------------------------------+ | | | Please enter the following information: | | | | o the name or IP number of your web server | | o the directory on that server containing | | Red Hat Linux for your architecure | | | | Web site name: www.example.edu.au_______________________ | | Red Hat directory: /redhat/linux/7.1-20020202/en/os/i386____ | | | | +----+ +------+ | | |[OK]| | Back | | | +----+ +------+ | | | +------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
然后，在欢迎屏幕出现之前，会快速闪过以下状态消息。
Retrieving base/netstg1.img... Loading /mnt/runtime ramdisk... Retrieving base/netstg2.img... Loading /mnt/runtime/usr ramdisk... Running anaconda - please wait... Graphical installation not available for http installs. Starting text mode. |
+----------------+ Red Hat Linux +-----------------+ | | | Welcome to Red Hat Linux! | | | | This installation process is outlined in detail | | in the Official Red Hat Linux Installation | | Guide available from Red Hat Software. If you | | have access to this manual, you should read the | | installation section before continuing. | | | | If you have purchased Official Red Hat Linux, | | be sure to register your purchase through our | | web site, https://#/. | | | | +----+ +------+ | | |[OK]| | Back | | | +----+ +------+ | | | +--------------------------------------------------+ |
选择 升级现有安装，尽管此过程也适用于全新安装。
+--------------+ Installation Type +--------------+ | | | What type of system would you like to install? | | | | Workstation | | Server System | | Laptop | | Custom System | | [ Upgrade Existing Installation ] | | | | +----+ +------+ | | | OK | | Back | | | +----+ +------+ | | | +-------------------------------------------------+ |
升级继续进行。当 LILO 配置 屏幕出现时，插入从 示例 C-2 中记录的内核参数。这些参数应包括console=ttyS….
+---------------------+ LILO Configuration +---------------------+ | | | A few systems will need to pass special options to the kernel | | at boot time for the system to function properly. If you need | | to pass boot options to the kernel, enter them now. If you | | don't need any or aren't sure, leave this blank. | | | | [ ] Use linear mode (needed for some SCSI drives) | | | | console=tty0 console=ttyS0,9600n8_______________ | | | | +----+ +------+ +------+ | | | OK | | Skip | | Back | | | +----+ +------+ +------+ | | | +----------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+-------------+ LILO Configuration +--------------+ | | | Where do you want to install the bootloader? | | | |[/dev/hda Master Boot Record (MBR) ]| | /dev/hda1 First sector of boot partition | | | | +----+ +------+ | | | OK | | Back | | | +----+ +------+ | | | +-------------------------------------------------+ |
+----------------------+ LILO Configuration +-----------------------+ | | | The boot manager Red Hat uses can boot other operating systems | | as well. You need to tell me what partitions you would like to | | be able to boot and what label you want to use for each of them. | | | | Device Partition type Default Boot label | |[/dev/hda6 Linux Native * linux ] : | | : | | : | | : | | : | | | | +----+ +------+ +------+ | | | Ok | | Edit | | Back | | | +----+ +------+ +------+ | | | | | +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
升级继续进行。由于安装软件包可能需要几个小时，您可以断开连接。
+-------------+ Package Installation +--------------+ | | | Name : | | Size : | | Summary: | | | | Packages Bytes Time | | Total : 0 0M | | Completed: 0 0M | | Remaining: 0 0M | | | | | +---------------------------------------------------+ |
如果您断开了连接，那么在重新连接时，最好按 Tab 键，而不是按 Return 键。
在 启动盘 屏幕上按 Return 键会写入启动盘。这将覆盖升级盘。
如果您无法更改 BIOS 参数以从硬盘启动，或者如果您不能等待别人弹出软盘再重启，您可能希望特意创建一个启动盘。
+------------------+ Bootdisk +-------------------+ | | | A custom boot disk provides a way of booting | | into your Linux system without depending on | | the normal bootloader. This is useful if you | | don't want to install lilo on your system, | | another operating system removes lilo, or lilo | | doesn't work with your hardware configuration. | | A custom boot disk can also be used with the | | Red Hat rescue image, making it much easier to | | recover from severe system failures. | | | | Would you like to create a boot disk for your | | system? | | | | +-----+ +----+ | | |[Yes]| | No | | | +-----+ +----+ | | | +-------------------------------------------------+ |
当 完成 屏幕出现时，准备重启进入 Linux。如果您有串行 BIOS，请准备好更改 BIOS 参数以首先从硬盘启动。如果您没有串行 BIOS，请让别人弹出软盘。
+-----------------+ Complete +------------------+ | | | Congratulations, installation is complete. # | | : | | Press return to reboot, and be sure to : | | remove your boot medium after the system : | | reboots, or your system will rerun the : | | install. For information on fixes which : | | are available for this release of Red Hat : | | Linux, consult the Errata available from : | | https://#/errata. : | | : | | Information on configuring and using your : | | Red Hat Linux system is contained in the : | | | | +----+ | | |[OK]| | | +----+ | | | +-----------------------------------------------+ |
sending termination signals...done sending kill signals...done disabling swap... /tmp/swap/hda5 unmounting filesystems... /mnt/sysimage/var/www/html /mnt/sysimage/boot /mnt/sysimage/proc /mnt/runtime/usr /mnt/sysimage /proc/bus/usb /mnt/runtime /dev/pts /proc rebooting system Restarting system. LILO Loading linux...................... Linux version 2.4.3-12 (root@porky.devel.redhat.com) (gcc version 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-85)) #1 Fri Jun 8 15:05:56 EDT 2001 |